Abstract
Three wood-inhabiting fungal species, Xylodon laceratus, X. montanus, and X. tropicus spp. nov., were collected from southern China, here proposed as new taxa based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Xylodon laceratus is characterized by the resupinate basidiomata with grandinioid hymenophore having cracked hymenial surface, and ellipsoid basidiospores; X. montanus is characterized by the annual basidiomata having the hard, brittle hymenophore with cream hymenial surface, and ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (3.9–5.3 × 3.2–4.3 µm); and X. tropicus is characterized by its grandinioid hymenophore with buff to a pale brown hymenial surface and subglobose basidiospores measuring 2–4.8 × 1.6–4 µm. Sequences of ITS and nLSU rRNA markers of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The ITS+nLSU analysis of the order Hymenochaetales indicated that the three new species clustered into the family Schizoporaceae, located in genus Xylodon; based on further analysis of ITS dataset, X. laceratus was a sister to X. heterocystidiatus; X. montanus closely grouped with X. subclavatus and X. xinpingensis with high support; while X. tropicus was retrieved as a sister to X. hastifer.
Highlights
Wood-inhabiting fungi are noteworthy components of woody plant ecosystems and take an active part in the decomposition and turnover of nutrients from wood, in which the corticioid fungi are one of the major groups of wood-inhabiting Basidiomycota [1].Hymenochaetales is one of the most important orders in Basidiomycota because many species in this order are medicinal fungi, and some of them are forest pathogens [2].Within Hymenochaetales, commonly accepted families Chaetoporellaceae, Coltriciaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Hyphodontiaceae, Neoantrodiellaceae, Nigrofomitaceae, Oxyporaceae, and Schizoporaceae are supported as individual monophyletic lineages [3]
The comprehensive phylogenetic analyses on the basis of multiple loci on Hyphodontia s.l. showed that the six genera were separated into four clades within Hymenochaetales, in which Fasciodontia Yurchenko & Riebesehl, Lyomyces, and Xylodon were accepted as members of a previously known family Schizoporaceae [3]
3395, CLZhao which are widely distributed in various forest ecosystems from boreal, temperate, subtrop3397 (SWFC)
Summary
Wood-inhabiting fungi are noteworthy components of woody plant ecosystems and take an active part in the decomposition and turnover of nutrients from wood, in which the corticioid fungi are one of the major groups of wood-inhabiting Basidiomycota [1]. Molecular phylogeny analyses were performed by maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods, in which the phylograms from both analyses confirmed that the taxa from genera of Xylodon, Schizopora, Palifer Stalpers & P.K. Buchanan, Lyomyces P. Based on the morphological and/or phylogenetic information on Hyphodontia s.l., it was hard to differentiate between the genera Xylodon and Schizopora, with neither morphological nor molecular data and proposed that both genera should be united in one genus [22]. Palifer and Odontiopsis Hjortstam & Ryvarden should be synonymized under Xylodon and proposed four species new to science as X. exilis Yurchenko, Riebesehl & Langer, X. filicinus. The comprehensive phylogenetic analyses on the basis of multiple loci on Hyphodontia s.l. showed that the six genera were separated into four clades within Hymenochaetales, in which Fasciodontia Yurchenko & Riebesehl, Lyomyces, and Xylodon were accepted as members of a previously known family Schizoporaceae [3]. The current study focuses on the phylogenetic and taxonomic study of Xylodon, based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU) sequences
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