Abstract
Space plasma interactions require the total electromagnetic force q(E + V x B) to act on the particles. This force drives the particles into motion, resulting in currents. Physics is consistent only if the electric field in the solar wind frame is included. Faraday's law agrees with the special theory of relativity and provides a correct description of how space plasmas interact, because the electromotive force (EMF) includes both electric and magnetic fields. When there is no EMF, the particles will not have the capability to move and interact and generate currents. Therefore, such ideal theories can describe only the dynamics of electromagnetic fields and currents already existing in the plasma when the frozen-in field assumption is made. Ideal theory cannot produce new currents nor can it explain space plasma phenomena, such as auroras and flares that require generation of currents and Joule heating (J • E ≠ 0).
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