Abstract
Different strategies have been utilized by investigators with the intention of upgrading the thermal characteristics of ordinary liquids like water and kerosene oil. The focus is currently on hybrid nanomaterials since they are more efficient than nanofluids, so as to increase the thermal conductivity of fluids and mixtures. In a similar manner, this investigation is performed with the aim of breaking down the consistent mixed convection flow close to a two-dimensional unstable flow between two squeezing plates with homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction in the presence of hybrid nanoparticles of the porous medium. A sustainable suspension in the ethylene glycol with water is set by dissolving inorganic substances, iron oxide Fe 3 O 4 and cobalt (Co), to form Fe 3 O 4 − Co / C 2 H 6 O 2 − H 2 O hybrid nanofluid. The numerical and analytical model portraying the fluid flow has been planned, and similitude conditions have been determined with the assistance of the same transformations. The shooting technique has been used to solve nonlinear numerical solution. To check the validity of the results obtained from the shooting mode, the Matlab built-in function BVP4c and Mathematica built-in function homotopy analysis method (HAM) are used. The influence of rising parameters on velocity, temperature, skin friction factor, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number is evaluated with the help of graphs and tables. It has been found in this work that to acquire a productive thermal framework, the hybrid nanoparticles should be considered instead of a single sort of nanoparticles. In addition, the velocities of both the hybrid nanofluids and simple nanofluids are upgraded by the mixed convection boundary, whereas they are decreased by the porosity. An augmentation in volumetric fraction of nanoparticles correlates to an increment in the heat transmission rate. It is also found that heat transfer rate for Fe 3 O 4 − Co / C 2 H 6 O 2 − H 2 O hybrid nanofluids (HNF) is better than that of the Fe 3 O 4 − C 2 H 6 O 2 − H 2 O of single nanofluids (SNF). This research shows that hybrid nanofluids play a significant part in the transfer of heat and in the distribution of nanofluids at higher temperatures.
Highlights
Pressure flows have many engineering, scientific, and technical applications in the industry such as lubrication system, moveable pistons, hydrodynamic engines, hydraulic lifts, scattering and formulation, chemical equipment processing, food processing, film damage, and frost damage syringes and nasogastric tubes. e initial study of squeezing flow was published by Stefan [1] who reported the lubrication method in his research
Hayat et al [2] have examined the squeezed flow of MHD fluid between two horizontal disks using homotopy analysis. e result of their investigation was found to be an increase in the velocity field of for augmenting values of micropolar parameter
Mustafa et al [3] analyzed the fluid flow with magnetic effects upon thermal and mass transmission behavior of an incompressible viscous Casson fluid flow amid parallel plates. ey have noticed in this work that flow has been augmented with escalating values of squeezing parameter. e two-dimensional magnetized laminar constant Marangoni convection of the incompressible viscous fluid was explored by Mahanthesh et al [4] by implementing the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg technique. e authors have found that the boundary layer thickness and the increasing meridian convection have increased the fluid velocity within the flow area
Summary
Pressure flows have many engineering, scientific, and technical applications in the industry such as lubrication system, moveable pistons, hydrodynamic engines, hydraulic lifts, scattering and formulation, chemical equipment processing, food processing, film damage, and frost damage syringes and nasogastric tubes. e initial study of squeezing flow was published by Stefan [1] who reported the lubrication method in his research. Ali et al [9] recently discussed the magnetic dipole impact on micropolar fluid consisting of the EG and the water-based ferrofluids Fe and Fe3O4 from a stretched sheet. Mebarek-Oudina [14] examined the thermal and hydrodynamic parameters of Titania nanoliquids that satisfy a cylinder annulus, the impact of annulus, Mahanthesh et al [15] An exponential spatially dependent magneto slip heat source flow from an extendable rotation consisting of carbon nanofluids. E cited literature and similar other works show that no study is conducted to examine the combined effects of unstable flow between two squeezing plates in the presence of hybrid nanoparticles. Erefore, using all the studies mentioned above, we analyzed the multifaceted and homogeneous chemical reaction effects on the flow between two compression plates in the presence of hybrid nanoparticles. We analyzed, discussed, and obtained the effects of different parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers through graphs and tables
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