Abstract
Abstract
Highlights
Fluid deformable surfaces are ubiquitous interfaces in biology, playing an essential role in processes from the subcellular to the tissue scale
Fluid deformable surfaces show a solid–fluid duality which establishes a tight interplay between tangential flow and surface deformation
The simulation results demonstrate the rich dynamics resulting from this interplay, where, in the presence of curvature, any shape change is accompanied by a tangential flow and, vice versa, the surface deforms due to tangential flow
Summary
Fluid deformable surfaces are ubiquitous interfaces in biology, playing an essential role in processes from the subcellular to the tissue scale. From a mechanical point of view, they are soft materials exhibiting a solid–fluid duality: while they store elastic energy when stretched or bent, as solid shells, under in-plane shear, they flow as viscous two-dimensional fluids This duality has several consequences: it establishes a tight interplay between tangential flow and surface deformation. Recent approaches (Mietke, Jülicher & Sbalzarini 2019; Torres-Sanchez, Millan & Arroyo 2019; Sahu et al 2020) are restricted to the Stokes limit, -connected surfaces or axisymmetric settings. We overcome these limitations and provide a general numerical approach for fluid deformable surfaces.
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