A novel triple pressure HRSG integrated with MED/SOFC/GT for cogeneration of electricity and freshwater: Techno-economic-environmental assessment, and multi-objective optimization

Evolutionary based multi-criteria optimization of an integrated energy system with SOFC, gas turbine, and hydrogen production via electrolysis

4E assessment and neural network optimization of a solid oxide fuel cell-based plant with anode and cathode recycling for electricity, freshwater, and hydrogen production

Fuel cells are chemical energy converted to electric energy, which is today a new technology in energy production. Among the existing fuel cells, solid fuel oxide cells have a high potential for use in synthetic and combined production systems due to their high temperature (700–1000°C). The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) output acts as a high-temperature source, which can be used for heat engines such as the Stirling engine as a high-temperature heat source. A hybrid system including solid oxide fuel cell and Stirling engine and reverse osmosis desalinating is a cogeneration plant. This system includes two parts for power generation; the first part is power generated in the SOFC, and the second part is that with use of heat rejection of solid oxide fuel cell to generate power in the Stirling engine. Also, due to the water critical situation in the world and the need for freshwater, it is very common to use desalination systems. In this study, important goals such as power density and exergy destruction, and exergy efficiency, have been investigated. In general, the performance of the hybrid system has been investigated. Firstly, a thermodynamic analysis for all components of the system and then multi-objective optimization performed for several objective functions include exergy destruction density, exergy efficiency, fuel cell power and freshwater production rate. The present optimization is performed for two overall purposes; the first purpose is to improve fuel cell output power, exergy efficiency and exergy destruction density, and the second purpose is to improve the exergy efficiency, the amount of freshwater production and exergy destruction density. In this optimization, three robust decision-making methods TOPSIS, LINMAP and FUZZY are used. Two scenarios are presented; the first scenario is covering power, exergy efficiency and exergy destruction density. The output power and exergy efficiency, and exergy destruction density, have optimum values in the TOPSIS method’s results. The values are 939.393 (kW), 0.838 and 1139.85 (w/m2) respectively. In the second scenario that includes the freshwater production rate, the exergy destruction density and exergy efficiency, three objective functions are at their peak in the FUZZY results, which are 5.697 (kg/s), 7561.192 (w/m2) and 0.7421 respectively.

Thermodynamic analysis of a combined gas turbine power system with a solid oxide fuel cell through exergy

Direct waste heat recovery from a solid oxide fuel cell through Kalina cycle, two-bed adsorption chiller, thermoelectric generator, reverse osmosis, and PEM electrolyzer: 4E analysis and ANN-assisted optimization

Multi-objective optimization of sorption enhanced steam biomass gasification with solid oxide fuel cell

Multi-objective optimization and comparative performance analysis of hybrid biomass-based solid oxide fuel cell/solid oxide electrolyzer cell/gas turbine using different gasification agents

Thermodynamic analysis of an integrated power generation system driven by solid oxide fuel cell

A novel maritime power system that uses methanol solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to power marine vessels in an eco-friendly manner is proposed. The SOFCs, gas turbine (GT), steam Rankine cycle (SRC), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) were integrated together to generate useful energy and harvest wasted heat. The system supplies the exhaust heat from the SOFCs to the methanol dissociation unit for hydrogen production, whereas the heat exchangers and SRC recover the remaining waste heat to produce useful electricity. Mathematical models were established, and the thermodynamic efficiencies of the system were evaluated. The first and second laws of thermodynamics were used to construct the dynamic behavior of the system. Furthermore, the exergy destruction of all the subsystems was estimated. The thermodynamic performances of the main subsystem and entire system were evaluated to be 77.75% and 44.71% for the energy and exergy efficiencies, respectively. With a hydrogen distribution ratio of β = 0.12, the PEMFCs can generate 432.893 kW for the propulsion plant of the target vessel. This is also important for the rapid adaptation of the vessel’s needs for power generation, especially during start-up and maneuvering. A comprehensive parametric analysis was performed to examine the influence of changing current densities in the SOFCs, as well as the influence of the hydrogen distribution ratio and hydrogen storage ratio on the operational performance of the proposed systems. Increasing the hydrogen storage ratio (φ = 0–0.5) reduces the PEMFCs power output, but the energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the PEMFC-ORC subsystem increased by 2.29% and 1.39%, respectively.

Thermodynamic analysis of integrated ammonia fuel cells system for maritime application

Increasing efficiency and decreasing cost are the main purposes in the design of the power generation systems. In this study two hybrid systems: solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-gas turbine (GT) and SOFC-GT-steam turbine (ST); are considered. Increasing the SOFC input temperature causes thermodynamics improvement in the hybrid system operation. For this purpose, using two set of SOFC reactants heat exchangers (primary heat exchangers and secondary heat exchangers) are recommended. Selection of The primary heat exchangers output temperature and therefore the secondary heat exchangers input temperature (heat exchangers mid-temperatures) influences on the thermodynamics and economics operation of the hybrid system. This work shows that the annualized cost (ANC) and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) act in conflict with each other. The MatLab genetic optimization algorithms are used to obtain the optimum solutions. The maximum achievable efficiency is 0.599 and the minimum LCOE is 0.0163 $/kWh. Also results show that the heat exchangers mid-temperature of air has the main role in the operation of the hybrid system.

Investigation of an electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to ethanol and solid oxide fuel cell, gas turbine hybrid process

Clean production of power and heat for waste water treatment plant by integrating sewage sludge anaerobic digester and solid oxide fuel cell

Development and exergoeconomic evaluation of a SOFC-GT driven multi-generation system to supply residential demands: Electricity, fresh water and hydrogen

Thermodynamic analysis and multi-objective optimization of different gas turbine configuration strategies for an atmospheric SOFC system