Abstract
IEEE 802.15.4 standard is specifically designed for a low-rate and low-processing Internet of things (IoT) applications and offers guaranteed time slots. A beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 consists of a superframe structure that comprises of the contention access period and contention-free period. During contention-free period, nodes transfer their data using guaranteed time slots without any collision. The coordinator node receives data transmission requests in one cycle and allocates guaranteed time slots to the nodes in the next cycle. This allocation process may cause large delay that may not be acceptable for few applications. In this work, a novel superframe structure is proposed that significantly reduces guaranteed time slots allocation delay for the nodes with data requests. The proposed superframe structure comprises of two contention access periods and one contention-free period, where contention-free period precedes both contention access periods with reduced slot size. In addition, the knapsack algorithm is modified for better guaranteed time slots allocation by allowing more guaranteed time slots requesting nodes to send their data as compared to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The simulation and analytical results show that the proposed superframe structure reduces the network delay by up to 80%, increases contention-free period utilization up to 50%, and allocates guaranteed time slots up to 16 nodes in a single superframe duration.
Highlights
Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm and revolutionizing the control and management of automated systems
The results show that guaranteed time slots (GTS) utilization in the proposed superframe is the same as efficient superframe structure (ESS); it is significantly greater than the standard in most of the results
The network delay calculated in the proposed superframe structure is 80% and 74% less than the network delay in IEEE 802.15.4 standard and ESS, respectively
Summary
Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm and revolutionizing the control and management of automated systems. In addition to energy constraints, sensor nodes have low data rates, low processing, and limited computational capabilities To overcome these constraints, several medium access control (MAC) protocols are proposed. Sensor nodes in a wireless personal area network (WPAN) communicate during the active period and remain in sleep mode during the inactive period. 3. The standard assigns CFP slots to nodes on FCFS basis, which does not allow optimal CFP utilization. The standard assigns CFP slots to nodes on FCFS basis, which does not allow optimal CFP utilization In this work, these limitations of the standard in IoT prospects are addressed. The proposed superframe structure reduces the delay and allows a GTS requesting node to transmit its data within a BI duration, which is not possible in the standard.
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