Abstract
Smart Electric Grids are authentically tracked and managed using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for different applications in the field of Smart Grid applications. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and scrutinize the performance of four WSN Routing protocols operating in various smart grid environments. The four WSN routing protocols that will be analyzed in this paper are the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Centralized LEACH (LEACT-C) and two conventional protocols namely Minimum Transmission Energy (MTE) and Static Clustering. It is important to select and use the appropriate WSN routing protocol for smart grid applications and this study provides an understanding of how each protocol performs under different environments. The results of the study have shown that the clustering approach is more reliable than the conventional protocols namely static clustering and MTE. Rather, uniform dissipation of energy through the sensor nodes was observed in the clustering approach which is important as it increases the lifetime of the networks through less energy consumption.
Highlights
Grids are considered as a renovated method of electric power grid technology which uses sensors with advanced features and developed distribution computing technologies
The special feature in this protocol is that there is no need to compute new routes once a node dies because the nodes surrounding the dead node send their data to the neighbor nodes to secure a seamless flow of data. This occurs by the Carrier Sense Multiple Access protocol (CSMA) MAC protocol and continues until the data are received by the base station (BS)
In Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), the cluster head (CH) is selected according to the energy the clusters possess comparative to the overall energy of the other clusters in the network rather than electing CHs according to the number of rounds
Summary
Grids are considered as a renovated method of electric power grid technology which uses sensors with advanced features and developed distribution computing technologies. They act as a solution for most of the problems that must face when using electric power grids such as lack of communication, automation, diagnosis of faults and surveillance. Sensors are used to collect local information from the physical environments to facilitate the decision-making process [3] They are self-powered devices yet small and cheaper and have the capability of communicating with remote systems using external networks. In LEACH, the nodes form decisions by themselves without any intermediate contribution This protocol is energy efficient because the CH dissipates energy uniformly throughout the network.
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