Abstract
Cell search is the first step to establish downlink synchronization between user equipment (UE) and base station (BS) in the fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) system. However, frequency offset and noise will cause a massive loss of synchronization performance. To solve this problem, a novel timing synchronization algorithm of primary synchronization signal (PSS) with anti-frequency offset and anti-noise is proposed, which includes the improved coarse synchronization algorithm based on Fourier transform and the fine synchronization algorithm based on the triple auto-correlation algorithm. The improved coarse synchronization algorithm not only has a strong frequency offset resistance, especially for large frequency offset, but also obtains the estimated frequency offset. The fine synchronization algorithm is more resistant to noise than the conventional algorithm. Finally, the algorithm analysis and simulation results show that the improved algorithm can work very well even when the normalized frequency offset increases to greater than 0.8, but the conventional algorithm fails to synchronize properly. Meanwhile, when the SNR is as low as −6dB, the detection accuracy of the timing synchronization based on the proposed fine synchronization algorithm is improved by about 31.7% compared with the conventional algorithm.
Highlights
The fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) system has formulated new protocol standards and introduced many vital technologies by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) [1], [2]. 5G NR adopts many novel technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and beamforming, which can support high carrier frequencies and high channel bandwidth utilization [3]
Time and frequency synchronization is affected by the multi-path effect, doppler shift, or noise [8], [9]. 5G NR system is sensitive to frequency and timing errors
SIMULATION RESULTS AND ANALYSIS the primary synchronization procedure of 5G NR system is simulated through MATLAB
Summary
The fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) system has formulated new protocol standards and introduced many vital technologies by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) [1], [2]. 5G NR adopts many novel technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and beamforming, which can support high carrier frequencies and high channel bandwidth utilization [3]. 5G NR adopts many novel technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and beamforming, which can support high carrier frequencies and high channel bandwidth utilization [3]. The complexity of the proposed algorithm is reduced, it causes a certain degree of performance loss and is not robust in the case of large carrier frequency offset (CFO). In the fine synchronization stage, a novel timing synchronization detection algorithm based on the triple auto-correlation is proposed. The simulation results show that the detection accuracy of the improved coarse synchronization algorithm is higher than the conventional algorithm, especially in the case of large CFO. The improved algorithm can improve the anti-frequency offset performance of the conventional synchronization detection and calculate the CFO estimation value.
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