Abstract
Penetration of renewable energy resources in modern power systems has increased rapidly. The integration of different renewable and nonrenewable resources for the purpose of electricity generation is referred to as Distributed Generation (DG) units. The penetration of DG units gave birth to the concept of power microgrid. Power inverters play a major role in the integration of DGs in the power system. Control and stability analysis of microgrids in power systems is a challenging task for the control community. Dynamic microgrid modeling demands knowledge of fundamental engineering laws to detailed theoretical analysis. To model the dynamic behavior of the power microgrid, a basic understanding of the power converter operation modes and their control schemes is necessary. The main microgrid modeling components are power converters, power lines, transformers, protection systems, load, and faults. In this paper, preliminary concepts of power systems along with graph theoretic approach are used to develop the model of the microgrid and main grid networks. A mathematical model of a power microgrid in islanded mode, as well as the grid-connected mode, is developed and comprises of generation sources, power inverter interface, protection mechanism, load, faults, and transmission lines. The developed mathematical model can be used to address the stability issues as well as resilience in the power networks for complete system analysis. To validate the mathematical model, a renewable energy-based main grid and microgrid model is simulated. The graphical result of simulated model presents the generation and load curves.
Highlights
Conventional power generation units have environmental disadvantages
Most of the renewable energy generation units are low power as compared to conventional units [1,2]. Integration of those energy units is done at Low Voltage (LV) and Medium Voltage (MV) levels in the power system
This paper provides comprehensive modeling of the microgrid based on fundamental laws of physics and electrical engineering combined with microgrid components and their operational modes
Summary
Conventional power generation units have environmental disadvantages. To overcome these disadvantages, renewable energy generation is encouraged. The Multi-agent-based cyber-physical systems provide the platform to control and monitor the power grid network. To deal with the cyber layer vulnerabilities, the cyber protection mechanism and efficient information processing are required To cater such challenges in power networks, a graph-theoretic approach forming a multi-agent network is considered as resilient in terms of stability and control in the physical layer and efficient information processing in the cyber layer. Several distributed control mechanisms may be developed in the multi-agent-based power network to detect and recover from cyber and physical faults. The cyber-physical modeling can represent measurements at power inverter, power distribution and power generation as individual system models This type of system model can be utilized to address various challenges such as voltage dips, frequency deviations as well as active and reactive power control.
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