Abstract
A novel electrochemical (EC) chlorobenzene (CBZ) sensor was fabricated using a ternary oxide RuO2/ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite (NC)-decorated glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a wet-chemical method and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The synthesized RuO2/ZnO/TiO2 NC was layered as thin film on a GCE with Nafion (5% suspension in ethanol) adhesive, and the as-prepared sensor was subjected to CBZ analysis using an electrochemical approach. The calibration of the proposed CBZ sensor was executed with a linear relation of current versus concentration of CBZs known as the calibration curve. The sensitivity (32.02 μA μM−1 cm−2) of the CBZ sensor was calculated from the slope of the calibration curve by considering the active surface area of the GCE (0.0316 cm2). The lower detection limit (LD; 98.70 ± 4.90 pM) was also calculated at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Besides these, the response current followed a linear relationship with the concentration of chlorobenzene and the linear dynamic range (LDR) was denoted in the range of 0.1 nM to 1.0 μM. Moreover, the CBZ sensor was found to exhibit good reproducibility, reliability, stability, and fast response time. Finally, the sensing mechanism was also discussed with the energy-band theory of ternary doped semiconductor materials. The sensing activity of the proposed sensor was significantly enhanced due to the combined result of depletion layer formation at the heterojunction of RuO2/ZnO/TiO2 NCs as well as the activity of RuO2 NPs as oxidation catalysts. The proposed CBZ sensor probe based on ternary oxide RuO2/ZnO/TiO2 NCs was developed with significant analytical parameters for practical application in monitoring the environmental pollutants of CBZs for the safety of environmental fields on a large scale.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
