Abstract
A gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH) was identified and characterized. GRTH cloned from rat Leydig cell, mouse testis, and human testis cDNA libraries is a novel member of the DEAD-box protein family. GRTH is transcriptionally up-regulated by chorionic gonadotropin via cyclic AMP-induced androgen formation in the Leydig cell. It has ATPase and RNA helicase activities and increases translation in vitro. This helicase is highly expressed in rat, mouse, and human testes and weakly expressed in the pituitary and hypothalamus. GRTH is produced in both somatic (Leydig cells) and germinal (meiotic spermatocytes and round haploid spermatids) cells and is developmentally regulated. GRTH predominantly localized in the cytoplasm may function as a translational activator. This novel helicase could be relevant to the control of steroidogenesis and the paracrine regulation of androgen-dependent spermatogenesis in the testis.
Highlights
From the Section of Molecular Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, NICHHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
We report the demonstration of a novel gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH) that belongs to the family of DEAD-box proteins and is predominantly expressed in Leydig and germinal meiotic cells of the testis
Identification, Isolation, and Cloning of a Novel Gonadotropin-regulated Testicular Gene GRTH—To identify genes that are regulated by gonadotropin, we compared differential display patterns of RNA obtained from Leydig cells of rats treated with a single desensitizing dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (2.5 g) or vehicle alone 24 h prior to sacrifice
Summary
From the Section of Molecular Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, NICHHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. GRTH is transcriptionally up-regulated by chorionic gonadotropin via cyclic AMP-induced androgen formation in the Leydig cell. It has ATPase and RNA helicase activities and increases translation in vitro. GRTH predominantly localized in the cytoplasm may function as a translational activator This novel helicase could be relevant to the control of steroidogenesis and the paracrine regulation of androgen-dependent spermatogenesis in the testis. The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) AF142629, AF142630, AF155140 Candidates for this regulation include the active steroid metabolites that are produced during gonadotropic stimulation, i.e. androgen [3] and estrogen (6 – 8)
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