Abstract
Soil structure interaction (SSI) effects have been extensively studied with advanced numerical simulations even if these approaches are time consuming and require much effort to perform. In particular, when SSI models are compared with fixed based ones, two main effects need to be considered: period elongation and damping increase. The paper proposes numerical models to build fixed based models calibrated on these two parameters and perform complex SSI analyses. A new framework that may be used to assess SSI with equivalent fixed-based models is herein presented and validated with non-linear dynamic numerical simulations. Opensees was performed to reproduce non-linear numerical simulations by considering hysteretic materials and advanced soil models.
Highlights
The fundamental period and the damping are properties that significantly affect the dynamic behaviour of structural systems in terms of base shear, deformations and seismic forces
Equations (20) and (28) confirmed that (1) soil–structure interaction (SSI) is relatively significant for cases of flexible structures on stiff soil deposits, as shown in [1]; (2) SSI may be significant for stiff structures founded on soft soils; (3) the fundamental period of soil-structure system is longer than that of fixed-base structure; (4) damping of soil-structure system is higher than the damping of the structure alone
It is worth noting that the fundamental periods increase with the depth of the soil layer, as expected, since the system period depends on both α and β that are proportional to H−2, and T is proportional to H
Summary
The fundamental period and the damping are properties that significantly affect the dynamic behaviour of structural systems in terms of base shear, deformations and seismic forces. [9] proposed an empirical formula for assessing the fundamental period of reinforced concrete structures by performing 3D numerical simulations of SSI effects. [20] investigated effects of SSIwith with different series of capacity design principleson founded on steel-frame four different soil conditions and applying free-vibration experiments a 1/4-scale structure by reproducing scenarios under fixed-base and flexible-base conditions. FEM simulations and lumped-mass dynamic tests model with large scale soilexperimental results to perform in-depth parametric foundation-structure models, Ref.an[23]. It proposes a methodology that calculates the theoretical lumped-mass model calibrated by experimental results to perform in-depth period elongation and the damping increase with an equivalent. PL to consider realistic of the soil in terms elongation damping shows the response numerical models, while of plastic and hysteretic mechanisms.
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