A novel cloth-based multiway closed bipolar electrochemiluminescence biosensor for accurate detection of uric acid

Abstract

In this paper, we have developed a novel cloth-based multiway closed bipolar electrochemiluminescence (MW-CBP-ECL) biosensor to accurately detect uric acid (UA) for the first time. The proposed biosensors are printed by facile wax- and carbon ink-based screen-printing. Then urate oxidase and multiwalled carbon nanotubes are modified onto the closed bipolar electrode (C-BPE) anodes and cathode, respectively. When a certain voltage is applied to the two driving electrodes, the ECL reaction occurs on the surfaces of the three anodes simultaneously. The three C-BPE anodes are located in a single microchannel; thus, the ECL reaction conditions on each anode are almost identical, which is equivalent to three parallel assays being carried out for each detection. Under optimized conditions, UA can be detected in the range of 0 – 1 mM, and the ECL intensities are linearly related to UA concentrations in the range of 0.01 – 0.1 mM and 0.25 – 1 mM. In particular, the linear equations for the three C-BPE anodes are extremely coincident. The limits of detection (LODs) were 5.2, 5.3 and 4.9 μM, and the relative standard deviation was less than 3%. These results show that the MW-CBP-ECL biosensor has high sensitivity and selectivity and acceptable stability and reproducibility. In addition, the ability to detect UA in blood samples and duplex detection of UA and glucose are validated. We believe that the proposed MW-CBP-ECL biosensor has the potential to perform accurate and multivariant detection of complex samples.