Abstract
BackgroundRecent progress in ICG (indocyanine green) fluorescence imaging has provided a means by which we can detect sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) without the risk of exposing patients to radiation. Neck metastasis is the most significant prognostic factor. It is imperative that early metastasis can be controlled. Intra-arterial chemotherapy is performed in order to preserve organs and to improve prognosis when treating oral cancer.ObjectiveEvaluate translymphatic chemotherapy targeting SLNs in patients with oral cancer using intra-arterial chemotherapy. Evaluation will be carried out through the measurement of CDDP concentrations in SLNs.MethodsFive patients with tongue cancer (T3N0M0) were treated by intra-arterial chemotherapy as neoadjuvant chemotherapy from November 2010 to June 2011. After a week of chemotherapy, patients underwent surgical treatment including the partial resection of the tongue and neck dissection. Intra-arterial chemotherapy was administered at 50 mg/m2 of CDDP either one or two times weekly. 5 mg of ICG was administered to the lingual artery at the beginning of surgery. SLNs were detected using ICG fluorescence imaging. 0.1 g of SLNs and non-SLNs were resected in order to measure CDDP concentrations. The rests of each of the SLNs were examined intraoperatively by routine frozen pathological examination. SLNs were also identified using radioactive injection the day prior to surgery.ResultsThe mean CDDP concentrations in the SLNs and non-SLNs were 1.2 μg/g and 0.35 μg/g, respectively. Our intra- arterial infusion revealed that all metastatic lymph nodes, including SLNs, were without false negative SLNs. However, of 7 metastatic lymph nodes, one was not identified by means of conventional method.ConclusionOur findings verified the possibility that intra-arterial chemotherapy may be effective not only for organ preservation therapy, but also efficient in translymphatic chemotherapy targeting SLNs in patients with oral cancer through the use of ICG fluorescence imaging.
Highlights
The sentinel lymph node (SLN) is defined as the lymph node that firstly receives lymphatic drainage from the primary cancer [1]
Our findings verified the possibility that intra-arterial chemotherapy may be effective for organ preservation therapy, and efficient in translymphatic chemotherapy targeting SLNs in patients with oral cancer through the use of ICG fluorescence imaging
We found that the administration of CDDP to the primary tongue cancer has a powerful effect on the primary cancer as well as occult neck metastasis
Summary
The sentinel lymph node (SLN) is defined as the lymph node that firstly receives lymphatic drainage from the primary cancer [1]. The SLN is thought to be the first possible micrometastatic site via lymphatic drainage from the primary cancer. We consider a newly developed translymphatic chemotherapy procedure targeting the SLN using intra-arterial chemotherapy for oral cancer to improve prognosis and to preserve significant organs [7,8,9]. Recent progress in ICG (indocyanine green) fluorescence imaging has provided a means by which we can detect sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) without the risk of exposing patients to radiation. Intra-arterial chemotherapy is performed in order to preserve organs and to improve prognosis when treating oral cancer
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