A Novel Algorithm Based on Polynomial Approximations for an Efficient Error Compensation of Magnetic Analog Encoders in PMSMs for EVs

Abstract

This paper presents a novel algorithm based on polynomial approximations (PAs) for an efficient error compensation of magnetic analog encoders (MAEs) in permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) intended for electric vehicle (EV) propulsion. The proposed PA algorithm requires a negligible memory space compared to a very high-resolution look-up table (LUT). The use of polynomials allows compensating every possible input rotor position without carrying out an interpolation or a rounding to the nearest quantized value. The PA algorithm has been implemented to work in real time on a TM4 EV drive controlling an 80 kW PMSM. The performance of the algorithm has been validated at 6000 and 9000 r/min under $+$ 85 and ${\pm}$ 55 Nm of torque, respectively. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) effects have been minimized using a type-2 phase-locked loop (PLL). The proposed PA algorithm assisted with the PLL is capable of reducing the total position error to a range as small as ${\pm}\text{0.2}^\circ$ . The combination of these two algorithms is a promising solution for compensating the position error in quadrature analog encoders. The experimental results obtained with the 80 kW PMSM demonstrate the feasibility of low-cost MAEs for achieving high-performance field-oriented control (FOC) of PMSMs in EV drives.