Abstract

According to Haldane’s conjecture, there is a spin gap of the excitation spectrum in integerHeisenberg spin chains whereas half-integer spin chains have a gapless excitationspectrum. In an earlier publication (Hung and Gong 2005 Phys. Rev. B 71 054413), theHaldane gap and other properties of the spin-1 system are explained using aspin-1/2 alternating bond chain model. The ferromagnetic–ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic Heisenbergspin-1/2 chain is expected to behave similarly to the uniformspin-3/2 Heisenberg chain for strong ferromagnetic coupling. And the general nonuniformspin-1/2 chain may be used to explain the properties of the integer and half-integer highspin-S chains, consistently. In this paper, we provide a detailed numerical verification for theabove problems.

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