Abstract
Although tremendous studies have been focused on dielectric ceramics to achieve excellent energy storage and charge-discharge performance, the dielectric ceramics with high comprehensive energy storage properties for pulsed power applications are still in shortage. The large hysteresis came from domain switching process, severely weaken the energy storage and charge-discharge properties. Here, a strategy through ergodic relaxors with high dynamic polar nanoregions (PNRs) featuring with fast discharge rate and high energy storage efficiency was proposed to achieve high energy storage properties and extremely fast discharge speed in ferroelectric ceramic. The ergodic relaxors of Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3 modified by Na0.73Bi0.09NbO3 (SBT-NBN) ceramics were selected to verify the feasibility of the strategy. Encouragingly, large Wrec of 2.49 J/cm3 together with high η of 89.7% can be achieved simultaneously at 250 kV/cm with the composition of 0.96SBT-0.04NBN. The outstanding stability of energy storage characteristics for temperature (25–125 °C) and frequency (1–100 Hz) was also found in 0.96SBT-0.04NBN ceramics. Besides, 0.96SBT-0.04NBN ceramics also possessed an extremely fast discharge rate (~34 ns), remarkable power density PD (57.3 MW/cm3) as well as high current density CD (955.4 A/cm2) at 120 kV/cm. This work provided an original strategy for high energy storage efficiency and high power density ceramics in pulse power applications.
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