A new spring durum wheat variety ‘Omsky Korall’

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to develop an adaptive, rust-resistant variety of spring durum wheat with best pasta properties for agricultural landscapes of the steppe and forest-steppe areas of Western Siberia. There have been presented the methods of development, morphological and agrobiological features of the variety and the study results in the plots of competitive variety testing according to the complex of economically valuable traits through 2013–2020. The trials were laid in fallow with a seeding rate of 450 germinating kernels per 1 m2 , in four repetitions at the sowing dates of May 12–16. The area of the plots was 10 m2 . The soil of the experimental plots was a slightly leached chernozem. An ecological testing was carried out at the seed breeding base of the steppe zone in 2013–2019 and in various climatic zones of Russia and Kazakhstan under the program of Kazakhstan-Siberian network of spring wheat improvement (KASIB) in 2013–2014. The basis for the development of the variety was the hybridization of the variety ‘Omskaya yantarnaya’ and the line developed under the program with CIMMYT (POD11/ YAZI 1). The variety showed a high stable productivity, resistance to drought and lodging. The mean productivity for 2013-2020 in the competitive variety testing of the FSBSI “Omsk ARC” was 4.19 t/ha, which was on 0.36 t/ha higher than that of the standard variety ‘Zhemchuzhina Sibiri’. At the seed breeding base (Omsk region), the variety ‘Omsky Korall’ produced 3.46 t/ ha, and exceeded the standard variety on 0.57 t/ha. An extensive ecological testing in various climatic conditions of the regions of Russia and Kazakhstan revealed high adaptive properties (high adaptability and stable productivity). The grain quality of the variety was not inferior to that of the standard variety, and the pasta color estimation was much better. The variety was resistant to brown and stem rust, less affected by kernel smut and powdery mildew. In the State Variety Testing, the variety ‘Omsky Korall’ was tested in 2019–2020 on variety plots of the steppe and forest-steppe zones of 9,10,11 regions of the Russian Federation. The variety has been included in the State List of Breeding Achievements in the 10th region since 2021.