Abstract
A new freshwater fish species, Achondrostoma salmantinum , formerly considered as one population of Iberochondrostoma lemmingii , is described on the basis of genetic and morphological characters. The new species inhabits the rivers Huebra, Agueda and Uces and tributaries in the Duero River basin in Salamanca province, western Spain. The species is distinguished from Iberochondrostoma lemmingii and from other species of the genus Achondrostoma according to morphometric, meristic and genetic characters such as a narrow caudal peduncle, long postorbital and head lengths, small number of scales (9-10/44-53/4-6), small number of gill rakers (15-22), usually 5-5 pharyngeal teeth, four diagnostic isozyme loci ( IDHP-2*, IDHP-3*, MDH-B* and PEP* ) and one unique allele ( MDH-A*95 ). The distribution of I. lemmingii is currently known to be restricted to the Tajo, Guadiana, Odiel and Guadalquivir basins. This new cyprinid is considered Endangered (EN) according to IUCN Red List Categories.
Highlights
The taxonomy of the genus Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1832 was revised by Elvira (1987a, b, 1991, 1997)
These four lineages have been currently described as different genera (Robalo et al, 2007): 1) Pseudochondrostoma, which includes Ps. polylepis (Steindachner, 1864), Ps. willkommii (Steindachner, 1866), and Ps. duriense (Coelho, 1985); 2) Parachondrostoma, comprising, in the Iberian Peninsula, P. arrigonis (Steindachner, 1866), P. miegii (Steindachner, 1866) and P. turiense (Elvira, 1987); 3) Iberochondrostoma, comprising I. lemmingii (Steindachner, 1866), I. lusitanicum (Collares-Pereira, 1980), I. oretanum (Doadrio & Carmona, 2003), I. almacai (Coelho, Mesquita & Collares-Pereira, 2005), and 4) Achondrostoma, including A. arcasii (Steindachner, 1866), A. oligolepis (Robalo, Doadrio, Almada & Kottelat, 2005), A. occidentale (Robalo, Almada, Santos, Moreira & Doadrio, 2005), and the new species described here
Comparisons are made with Achondrostoma species and Iberochondrostoma lemmingii populations because all previous studies have ascribed the new species from the Duero basin to I. lemmingii
Summary
The taxonomy of the genus Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1832 was revised by Elvira (1987a, b, 1991, 1997). Recent studies based on cytochrome b gene sequences have shown that the genus Chondrostoma in the Iberian Peninsula is composed of a monophyletic assemblage of four independent lineages morphologically and genetically well differentiated (Zardoya & Doadrio, 1999; Doadrio & Carmona, 2004) These four lineages have been currently described as different genera (Robalo et al, 2007): 1) Pseudochondrostoma, which includes Ps. polylepis (Steindachner, 1864), Ps. willkommii (Steindachner, 1866), and Ps. duriense (Coelho, 1985); 2) Parachondrostoma, comprising, in the Iberian Peninsula, P. arrigonis (Steindachner, 1866), P. miegii (Steindachner, 1866) and P. turiense (Elvira, 1987); 3) Iberochondrostoma, comprising I. lemmingii (Steindachner, 1866), I. lusitanicum (Collares-Pereira, 1980), I. oretanum (Doadrio & Carmona, 2003), I. almacai (Coelho, Mesquita & Collares-Pereira, 2005), and 4) Achondrostoma, including A. arcasii (Steindachner, 1866), A. oligolepis (Robalo, Doadrio, Almada & Kottelat, 2005), A. occidentale (Robalo, Almada, Santos, Moreira & Doadrio, 2005), and the new species described here. The same molecular material examined by Carmona et al (2000) from the Huebra and Turones basins was employed here to describe the new species
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