Abstract
A new species considered in the past to be included in Chodrostoma lemmingii is described on the basis of genetic and morphological characters. This new species inhabits tributaries of the Jandula River in the Guadalquivir basin, in southern Spain. It is distinguished from C. lemmingii by the following: 1) six to seven branched rays on the dorsal and anal fins, 2) a relatively small number of gill rakers ( x = 25.4), 3) a large eye placed very anterior on the head, 4) a high and narrow coronoid process on the dentary, 5) the palatine process of the maxilla posteriorly oriented and, 6) the presence of a diagnostic locus ( MDH-A ). The range of Chondrostoma oretanum sp. nov. is restricted to the Robledillo and Fresneda Rivers, two small tributaries of the Jandula River in the Guadalquivir basin on the Atlantic slope of the Iberian Peninsula. Following the criteria established by IUCN Red List Categories, we consider C. oretanum to be critically endangered (CR B1 + 2ce).
Highlights
The Iberian Peninsula is home to a great variety of freshwater fishes, including several endemic groups
The genus Chondrostoma on the Iberian Peninsula can be divided into two different groups of “large” and “small” species
The purpose of this study was to describe the specimens from the Robledillo & Fresneda Rivers as a new species of the genus Chondrostoma
Summary
The Iberian Peninsula is home to a great variety of freshwater fishes, including several endemic groups. A high level of genetic divergence has been observed in the populations of C. lemmingii from the Duero and Guadalquivir basins (Carmona et al, 2000). The Duero population, recently described as a new species (Doadrio & Elvira, in press), is thought to have started its differentiation during the Messinian period (6 MYA) (Carmona et al, 2000). The purpose of this study was to describe the specimens from the Robledillo & Fresneda Rivers as a new species of the genus Chondrostoma. This species had been previously defined through morphological and genetic analysis, it was, until this present study, undescribed
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