Abstract
Eurystyles comprises about 23 species ranging from Mexico to northern Argentina. Six species are recognized in Mexico and Central America and three in Costa Rica. A new species, named E. uxoris, is here described and illustrated based on Costa Rican material. The species is similar to Eurystyles auriculata and E. standleyi, however, it differs by the smaller plants up to 3 cm tall, smaller leaves of less than 1.6 cm long, flowers with brown dorsal sepal and brown lip apex, petals callose or thickened at apex, and a pandurate lip. Information about distribution, habitat, ecology, etymology and phenology of the newspecies is provided. An updated key to the Costa Rican species of Eurystyles is presented.
Highlights
Heinrich Wawra (1863) described Eurystyles based on E. cotyledon Wawra from a plant collected in Brazil
The genus is clas sified in the Spiranthinae Lindl. ex Meisn. and contains about 23 species distributed from Mexico, Belize and Guatemala through the Antilles to Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina (Salazar 2003, Salazar et al 2018)
Phylogenetic relationships among Spiranthinae conducted by Górniak et al (2006), Salazar & Dressler (2011) and most recently by Salazar et al (2018) based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequences confirmed these interpretations
Summary
Heinrich Wawra (1863) described Eurystyles based on E. cotyledon Wawra from a plant collected in Brazil. Eurystyles comprises small, epiphytic plants with fasciculate, fleshy roots, abbreviated stems, rosulate usually glaucous, shiny, subpetiolate, evergreen leaves and a terminal, pendent, subcapitate, often wiry or pubescent inflorescence (Salazar & Dressler 2011). In Costa Rica, three species have been recorded (Dressler 2003, Szlachetko et al 2005) (Fig. 1).
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