Abstract

Abstract. Erythroxylum nordestinum, a new species of Erythroxylum sect. Rhabdophyllum, is described and illustrated. It occurs in the semiarid region of Bahia, Pernambuco, and Sergipe states of northeastern Brazil. It is recognized by striate stipules that are longer than the petiole, subsessile flowers with the calyx lobes narrowly triangular and longer than the staminal cup, and a terete endocarp. Affinities of E. nordestinum with other species of E. sect. Rhabdophyllum are discussed, and a key is presented to the similar species of Erythroxylum with subsessile flowers from the semiarid region of Brazil.

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