Abstract
The aim of this study was to create a new reliable setup to evaluate commercially available orthodontic wires used during orthodontic treatment. The setup includes various techniques applied for testing metal alloy materials. The materials were tested under extreme conditions to simulate their behavior in the mouth. The alloy composition of each wire was tested. The electrochemical (EC) testing and characterization of the corrosion performance of the wires was calculated by the electrochemical curves at pH = 1 in two different applied potentials to test the reaction of the material. The liquid collected after the EC measurements was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to verify the reliability of the EC curves and for a more accurate evaluation of the corrosion behavior of the wires. Therefore, the EC measurements were compared to the actual values obtained from the released ions found in the solution. At the end, a surface analysis was performed to detect corrosion on the wires. In conclusion, this study developed a setup to test and better understand the corrosion behavior and ion release of the orthodontic wires, metal alloy dental materials, and other metals used in the oral cavity. This method can contribute to dental material selection in patients with underlying health conditions.
Highlights
Further studies are required to clarify this issue. This setup offers a method for evaluating the corrosion behavior of orthodontic wires
It provides a better understanding of the behavior of the orthodontic wires
Following the analysis of the NiTi and stainless steel (SS) wires, the results of the increasing corrosion rate between the cycles of cyclic voltammetry show that the wires were not stable
Summary
The corrosion behavior of orthodontic wires and other dental materials containing metals or alloys has been studied both in vitro and in vivo using several different procedures, including surface analysis, electrochemical, and ion release measurements [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8].It is important to have a setup for predicting and checking the behavior of these materials because of the effect that different ions can have on the human body and health.For example, Ni and Cr ions, both released from orthodontic wires, are associated with hypersensitivity [9], cytotoxicity, and genotoxic effects [10,11]. The corrosion behavior of orthodontic wires and other dental materials containing metals or alloys has been studied both in vitro and in vivo using several different procedures, including surface analysis, electrochemical, and ion release measurements [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. It is important to have a setup for predicting and checking the behavior of these materials because of the effect that different ions can have on the human body and health. Ni and Cr ions, both released from orthodontic wires, are associated with hypersensitivity [9], cytotoxicity, and genotoxic effects [10,11]. Electrochemical (EC) measurements were used to evaluate the ion release due to corrosion of different materials [18]
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