A new release nanosystem mucoadhesive gel of Brazilian Red Propolis-containing chitosan: in vitro Citoxicity and Antimicrobial test. In vivo ligature induced periodontitis model- propolis treatment in rats

Abstract

Red Propolis has been shown to be a potent antimicrobial, antinflammatory, antitumoral and antioxidant, however, is less studied against microorganisms and periodontal disease. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial, citoxicity properties and control of a induced periodontal pocket in rats of a red propolis mucoadhesive gel -containing chitosan. For this, we used two gels with concentrations of 5% (RPG5%) and 10% (RPG10%) of propolis and were compared with chitosan gel base 5% (CHG), propolis extract 5% (FRP5%) and chlorhexidine 0.12% (CHX0,12%). The products were tested against S. mutans, S. salivarius, S. sanguinis, L. casei, A. actinomycetemcomitans, E. faecalis, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, and C. albicans ATCC standards. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Concentration Minimal Bactericidal and agar diffusion tests were performed according to CLSI standards. Ligature induced periodontitis model were used and the gel product were applied in test and control rats group. The results showed that all microorganisms were sensitive to the gel RPG5% and RPG10%. There was a reduction in insertion loss and alveolar resorption in the animals treated with propolis gel. Chitosan appears to have not affected the antimicrobial activity of propolis and there seems to have been a synergism between the products. On the other hand, new tests and clinical trials studies should be performed to confirm these parameters.