A new perspective on the Frenkel–Zhu fusion rule theorem

Abstract

In this paper we prove a formula for fusion coefficients of affine Kac–Moody algebras first conjectured by Walton [M.A. Walton, Tensor products and fusion rules, Canad. J. Phys. 72 (1994) 527–536], and rediscovered by Feingold [A. Feingold, Fusion rules for affine Kac–Moody algebras, in: N. Sthanumoorthy, Kailash Misra (Eds.), Kac–Moody Lie Algebras and Related Topics, Ramanujan International Symposium on Kac–Moody Algebras and Applications, Jan. 28–31, 2002, Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics, University of Madras, Chennai, India, in: Contemp. Math., vol. 343, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2004, pp. 53–96]. It is a reformulation of the Frenkel–Zhu affine fusion rule theorem [I.B. Frenkel, Y. Zhu, Vertex operator algebras associated to representations of affine and Virasoro algebras, Duke Math. J. 66 (1992) 123–168], written so that it can be seen as a beautiful generalization of the classical Parthasarathy–Ranga Rao–Varadarajan tensor product theorem [K.R. Parthasarathy, R. Ranga Rao, V.S. Varadarajan, Representations of complex semi-simple Lie groups and Lie algebras, Ann. of Math. (2) 85 (1967) 383–429].