Abstract
In the development of dermal drug formulations and cosmetics, understanding the penetration properties of the active ingredients is crucial. Given that widespread methods, including tape stripping, lack in spatial resolution, while being time- and labour-intensive, Confocal Raman Microscopy is a promising alternative. In optimizing topically applied formulations, or the development of generic formulations, comparative in-situ measurements have a huge potential of saving time and resources. In this work, we show our approach to in-situ skin penetration analysis by confocal Raman Microscopy. To analyse feasibility of the approach, we used caffeine solutions as model vehicles and tested the effectiveness of 1,2-pentanediol as a penetration enhancer for delivery to the skin.
Highlights
The skin is the largest organ in the body and its functions are varied
Raman microscopy has already by several workgroups has proved in replacing destructive methods, such asbeen tape performed bycryo-segmentation several workgroups and has promising in replacing destructive methods, stripping or
It is possible to gain a lot of information in a fraction used for conventional methods
Summary
Its provides an external barrier, protecting the body from external damage or water loss, as well as controls the body temperature and plays an important role in metabolism. Understanding how the barrier function works and in which rate and extend active ingredients penetrate the skin is extremely important [1,2] when it comes to topically applied drug dosage forms and cosmetics. The outermost layer, the stratum corneum (SC), provides this barrier function [3]. It is composed of keratin-filled corneocytes, embedded in a lipid-matrix and reaches a thickness of 15–20 μm [4]. The skin plays an important role in the penetration of topically applied substances because of its main function as a barrier
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