A new lead alloy current-collector manufactured by a powder rolling process and its corrosion behavior under lead-acid battery conditions

Abstract

A new powder rolling process for manufacturing current-collector sheets for lead-acid batteries has been developed. Gas-atomized lead–tin and lead–tin–calcium alloy powders obtained by a rapid solidification process in air were employed as raw materials for the powder rolling process. The corrosion behavior of powder-rolled lead–tin alloys with various compositions of tin has been investigated. A dipping corrosion test of square plain sheets of the alloys was performed in H 2SO 4 at 75 °C. The test was repeated up to 20 cycles with each cycle consisting of a controlled 10 mA cm −2 oxidation current for 6 h and a rest under open circuit voltage for 6 h. The extent of corrosion–elongation and the appearance of the corroded surface of the tested specimens were the main observations. The corrosion–elongation of the corroded sheet of a powder-rolled lead alloy containing 1.5 wt% tin with ca. 200 μm initial thickness was less than 5%, whereas that of the corroded sheet of the cast-rolled lead alloy containing 1.5 wt% tin with the same initial thickness was 25–30% under the same corrosion test conditions. The corroded powder-rolled sheet of the 1.5 wt% tin lead alloy has uniform corrosion, but the cast-rolled sheet of lead alloy containing 1.5 wt% tin was much distorted and was perforated by the corrosion. Intergranular corrosion of the powder-rolled lead–tin alloys was much suppressed as compared with that of the cast-rolled lead–tin alloys.