Abstract
Gigartina pistillata (GMELIN) STACKHOUSE harvested commercially along the Atlantic coast of Morocco is generally a mixture of gametophytes with a cell wall en- riched in κ-carrageenan, and tetrasporophytes with a wall composed mainly of λ-car- rageenan. In order to separate both polysaccharides, two extraction methods were investi- gated. The first one involved sequential extraction in water with increasing temperatures in 20 °C increments starting from 20 °C up to 100 °C. The second method was carried out by using successive ethanol concentrations (100, 80, 60, 40, 20 % and water). Chemical characterization of the different fractions revealed that low extraction temperatures or high ethanol concentrations contained mainly the κ-carrageenan. In contrast, high extrac- tion temperatures or low ethanol concentrations yielded λ-carrageenan enriched frac- tions. These results demonstrate that the use of these distinct methods can selectively ex- tract κ- or λ-carrageenans to improve the quality of the final carrageenan product and in- crease the value of raw algal material in Morocco.
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