A new fibrin sealant as a three-dimensional scaffold candidate for mesenchymal stem cells.

Vinícius P O Gasparotto,Rui S Ferreira,João F Lima-Neto,Fernanda C Landim-Alvarenga,Alexandre L R Oliveira,Gustavo Ferreira Simões,Benedito Barraviera

doi:10.1186/scrt467

Abstract

IntroductionThe optimization of an organic scaffold for specific types of applications and cells is vital to successful tissue engineering. In this study, we investigated the effects of a new fibrin sealant derived from snake venom as a scaffold for mesenchymal stem cells, to demonstrate the ability of cells to affect and detect the biological microenvironment.MethodsThe characterization of CD34, CD44 and CD90 expression on mesenchymal stem cells was performed by flow cytometry. In vitro growth and cell viability were evaluated by light and electron microscopy. Differentiation into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages was induced.ResultsThe fibrin sealant did not affect cell adhesion, proliferation or differentiation and allowed the adherence and growth of mesenchymal stem cells on its surface. Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide staining demonstrated the viability of mesenchymal stem cells in contact with the fibrin sealant and the ability of the biomaterial to maintain cell survival.ConclusionsThe new fibrin sealant is a three-dimensional scaffolding candidate that is capable of maintaining cell survival without interfering with differentiation, and might also be useful in drug delivery. Fibrin sealant has a low production cost, does not transmit infectious diseases from human blood and has properties of a suitable scaffold for stem cells because it permits the preparation of differentiated scaffolds that are suitable for every need.

Highlights

The optimization of an organic scaffold for specific types of applications and cells is vital to successful tissue engineering
Fibrin sealant The material formed a dense fibrin network that resulted in a stable clot approximately 2 minutes after the reconstitution of its components at room temperature
Mesenchymal stem cell expansion and characterization mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) from the primary culture were able to adhere to plastic, as confirmed by flow cytometry after the first passage

Summary

Introduction

The optimization of an organic scaffold for specific types of applications and cells is vital to successful tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most commonly used cells in tissue engineering [2,3,4] and are found in several organic compartments, including the bone marrow, blood vessels, skin, and fat and muscle tissues [5]. The main strategy to deliver stem cells or growth factors to chronic wounds involves direct injection to the injury site. This method leads to poor engraftment and poor efficacy due to proteolytic degradation within the first few hours post injection, preventing the beneficial effects of these expensive biological agents [12]. The main features of such scaffolds include the promotion of cell adhesion, mechanical support [13] and biodegradability [3]

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Discussion

Conclusion