Abstract
Abstract A novel direct ammonia intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell based integrated system is developed, analyzed and proposed for clean rail electric transportation. The present multigenerational system provides all the required energy demands of a passenger locomotive. This system is studied using a validated thermodynamic model to evaluate its energy and exergy efficiencies and power outputs. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the system in more depth, thermodynamically. Based on these, the integrated system can reach optimized energy and exergy efficiency values of 71.0% and 76.8%, respectively. The use of supercritical ammonia-organic Rankine cycle improves both energy and exergy efficiencies by 12.9% and 11.8%, respectively compared to an ammonia based SOFC-GT system. These values are comparable to typical methane-based systems and the use of ammonia eliminates CO2 emissions.
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