Abstract
The Energy Internet paradigm is the evolution of the Internet of Things concept in the power system. Microgrids (MGs), as the essential element in an Energy Internet, are expected to be controlled in a corporative and flexible manner. This paper proposes a novel decentralized robust control strategy for multi-agent systems (MASs) governed MGs in future Energy Internet. The proposed controller is based on a consensus algorithm applied with the connected distributed generators (DGs) in the MGs in the energy internet paradigm. The proposed controller’s objectives are the frequency/voltage regulation and proportional reactive/active power-sharing for the hybrid DGs connected MGs. A proposed two-level communication system is implemented to explain the data exchange between the MG system and the cloud server. The local communication level utilizes the transmission control protocol (TCP)/ internet protocol (IP) and the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) is used as the protocol for the global communication level. The proposed control strategy has been verified using a hypothetical hybrid DGs connected MG such as photovoltaic or wind turbines in MATLAB Simulink environment. Several scenarios based on the system load types are implemented using residential buildings and small commercial outlets. The simulation results have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the introduced strategy for the MGs’ various operating conditions.
Highlights
The researchers proposed a novel distributed control framework for the MGs controlled by the various multi-agent system in this study
The proposed controller depends on the information transferring between the connected agents in the MG system
The active and reactive power is optimally shared among the distributed generators (DGs)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The DGs are generally connected to the microgrids with powered electronic devices and can be regulated using hierarchical controllers for fulfilling different objectives like frequency regulation and active power-sharing [1]. Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a paradigm, which connects various digital, real and virtual devices (via information networks) to smart environments. It is applicable in many domains such as transportation, energy and cities.
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