Abstract
A new species of Hypostomus Lacépède is described from the rio Paraguaçu basin, Bahia State, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by having black and conspicuous dots on a pale background, which are similar in size on the head, trunk, and fins, along with ventral surface of head and abdomen naked or the latter plated exclusively on its anterior portion, absence of ridges on head and trunk, and caudal-fin lobes relatively similar in length. The new species further differs from the sympatric H. chrysostiktos by having seven branched dorsal-fin rays instead of 10-11 and represents the eleventh siluriform species endemic to the rio Paraguaçu basin.
Highlights
Hypostomus Lacépède is the second most species-rich genus of the Siluriformes (Ferraris, 2007), comprising about 130 valid species (Garavello et al, 2012; Zawadzki et al, 2012)
For Hypostomus unae, its type locality could have been one of the three distinct small coastal drainages, all named rio Una: one that drains to the coastal city of Valença, within the Recôncavo Sul basin, another that drains to the city of Una, in the south of Bahia State, and the third possibility represented by a tributary of rio Paraguaçu, on a more central portion of Bahia
Eight species of Hypostomus are known from the rio São Francisco basin and could possibly occur in rivers draining into northeastern Brazilian coastal drainages
Summary
Hypostomus Lacépède is the second most species-rich genus of the Siluriformes (Ferraris, 2007), comprising about 130 valid species (Garavello et al, 2012; Zawadzki et al, 2012). Ten species of Hypostomus are reported from Brazilian northeastern coastal drainages and eight are known to occur in the rio São Francisco basin, the largest drainage in the region. Among those species, H. papariae (Fowler, 1941) was described from the lago Papari, and H. pusarum (Starks, 1913) was described from the Ceará-Mirim, both in Rio Grande do Norte State. Eight species of Hypostomus are known from the rio São Francisco basin and could possibly occur in rivers draining into northeastern Brazilian coastal drainages These are H. alatus Castelnau, 1855, H. francisci (Lütken, 1874), H. garmani (Regan, 1904), H. johnii (Steindachner, 1877), H. lima (Lütken, 1874), H. macrops (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888), H. subcarinatus Castelnau, 1855, and H. vaillanti (Steindachner, 1877). A new species of Hypostomus, apparently endemic to the rio Paraguaçu basin, is described
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