Abstract
A new species of hypoptopomatine cascudinho is described from a creek tributary to the Amazon River in Leticia, Amazonas Departament, Colombia. The new species of Parotocinclus is distinguished from congeners from northeastern to southeastern Brazilian rivers in having the cheek canal plate elongated posteriorly on the ventral surface of head and contacting the cleithrum. It is diagnosed from P. collinsae (Essequibo River basin, Guiana) and P. halbothi (rio Trombetas basin, Brazil and Marowijne River, Suriname), by having a triangular patch of dark pigmentation on the anterior portion of the dorsal-fin membrane, by the absence of unicuspid accessory teeth on both the premaxilla and dentary, and by having a Y-shaped light mark on the snout. The new species of Parotocinclus is distinguished from all remaining congeners by having a pigmentation pattern consisting of conspicuous dark dots smaller than a pupil diameter, broadly distributed dorsally and ventrally.
Highlights
The genus Parotocinclus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 includes some of the smallest known loricariids and comprises 27 species of hypoptopomatine cascudinhos distributed across cis-Andean South America from Colombia and Venezuela to southern Brazil (Lehmann & Reis, 2012; Lehmann et al, 2013)
The new species described is a member of the clade that inhabits the Amazon and Orinoco River drainages and coastal basins of the Guianas
Longirostris Garavello, 1988 and P. polyochrus Schaefer, 1988) (Lehmann et al, 2014). This clade is diagnosed by, among other characters, the canal cheek plate on the ventral surface of the head being elongated posteriorly and contacting the cleithrum, the head and snout being elongated and with a Y-shaped, white or cream colored mark dorsally, and the possession of a triangular dark blotch at the anterior base of the dorsal fin. This new species was first recorded with a brief description and color illustration by Galvis et al (2006) as Parotocinclus sp. nov., who mentioned that it was under description by one of us (PLA)
Summary
The genus Parotocinclus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 includes some of the smallest known loricariids and comprises 27 species of hypoptopomatine cascudinhos distributed across cis-Andean South America from Colombia and Venezuela to southern Brazil (Lehmann & Reis, 2012; Lehmann et al, 2013). Longirostris Garavello, 1988 and P. polyochrus Schaefer, 1988) (Lehmann et al, 2014) This clade is diagnosed by, among other characters, the canal cheek plate on the ventral surface of the head being elongated posteriorly and contacting the cleithrum, the head and snout being elongated and with a Y-shaped, white or cream colored mark dorsally, and the possession of a triangular dark blotch at the anterior base of the dorsal fin (last two features absent in P. collinsae and P. halbothi). This new species was first recorded with a brief description and color illustration by Galvis et al (2006) as Parotocinclus sp.
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