Abstract
The enhancement of the cellulase activity of Aspergillus nidulans by combinational optimization technique was investigated. The strain isolated from decayed, dry leaf of Ficus caricus was compared for the first time for its ability to produce cellulolytic enzyme in submerged fermentation (SmF). The medium ingredients enhancing the cellulase production were optimized by combinational statistical approach by one factor at a time methodology (OFAT), Plackett Burmann methodology (PB) and response surface methodology (RSM). A four-factor-five-level central composite design (CCD) was employed to determine the maximum activity of cellulase at optimum levels of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at varying pH values. The optimum fermentation parameters were found to be 1.2 g/l CMC, 0.9 mg/l ammonium nitrate and 0.75 mg/l potassium dihydrogen phosphate at pH 6. The optimization of medium by combinational statistical approach led to the fine tuning of the cellulase production thereby enhancing the cellulase activity from 4.91 U/ml to 39.56 U/ml. The predicted results were in agreement with the actual experimental values. The cellulase activity obtained with this strain may be one of the best obtained in Aspergillus nidulans .
Highlights
In recent years, more attention is given to the process of cellulose biodegradation to soluble sugar (Chen et al, 2008)
The medium ingredients enhancing the cellulase production were optimized by combinational statistical approach by one factor at a time methodology (OFAT), Plackett Burmann methodology (PB) and response surface methodology (RSM)
A. nidulans was grown in shake flask under submerged fermentation (SF) conditions with initial medium (IM) in order to examine the effect of incubation time on cellulase activity and dry cell weight of the fungus
Summary
More attention is given to the process of cellulose biodegradation to soluble sugar (Chen et al, 2008). Cellulases are inducible enzymes which are synthesized by microorganisms during their growth on cellulosic materials (Lee & Koo, 2001). They are studied extensively due to their application in the hydrolysis of cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer and potential source of utilizable sugars, which serves as a raw material in the production of chemicals and fuel. The main applications include textile, paper and pulp, food, animal feed, fuel and chemical industry. They can be used in waste management, pharmaceutical industry, protoplast production and genetic engineering (Bhat, 2001). The central composite design (Guangrong et al, 2008) was used to optimize the levels of identified controllable factors affecting the medium
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