Abstract
The following article introduces technologies that build three dimensional (3D) objects by adding layer-upon-layer of material, also called additive manufacturing technologies. Furthermore, most important features supporting the conscious choice of 3D printing methods for applications in micro and nanomanufacturing are covered. The micromanufacturing method covers photopolymerization-based methods such as stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), the liquid crystal display–DLP coupled method, two-photon polymerization (TPP), and inkjet-based methods. Functional photocurable materials, with magnetic, conductive, or specific optical applications in the 3D printing processes are also reviewed.
Highlights
Three dimensional (3D) printing is currently an extremely important branch of Research and Development (R&D) departments
This level of smart production was enabled by significant breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, robotics, nanotechnology, and 3D printing observed in the twenty-first century
Lithography novel highly versatile on photopolymerization computed axial novel and highly versatile methodmethod based onbased photopolymerization is computedisaxial lithography lithography (CAL)
Summary
Three dimensional (3D) printing is currently an extremely important branch of Research and Development (R&D) departments. It is ideal for most of manufacturing [6] It uses a liquid instead of a powder or filament in its build platform. Ideal instead for low-run molds [7,8].in its build platform is a light-activated process It uses highly thermal energyexclusively delivered via laser, additive electron beam, or plasma art to melt and fusefocused material. Material extrusion: A thermoplastic filament is extruded through a heated nozzle onto the build It is primarily used in furniture design models [13,14]. Among the ideas have creating been developed for processing of verified thermoplastic melting/sintering of metals, and that methods prints from commercialized technologies based theofpolymerization of liquid are thermal of composite materials or rubber. LAM—liquid additive manufacturing deposits a liquid or highly viscous material (e.g., liquid silicone rubber) onto a build surface to create an object, which is vulcanized using heat to harden it, LOM—laminated object manufacturing patented by Michael Feygin—printers that cut cross-sections out of special adhesive coated paper using a carbon dioxide laser and laminate them together, CFF—continuous filament fabrication
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