Abstract
A new apparatus which is capable of measuring Newtonian viscosity as high as 108-1014 Pa · s has been developed. The upper and the lower faces of a cubic specimen 1 x 1 x I cm3 in size are respectively bonded to movable and fixed plates, and a constant shear stress is applied to the specimen. The displacement of the upper plate is measured and recorded as a function of time utilizing the HP-5528A optical laser measuring system. The sensitivity of the displacement measurement is 10 nm. Measurements at temperatures up to 200°C can be made by using a small furnace installed around the specimen. A variety of adhesive materials, polymers and ceramics, have been tested for the specimen-plate bonding. Aqueous Sauereisen cement showed a stable and rigid bonding in the experimental temperature range. Experiments for rubber (soft) and silicon crystal (hard) specimens have been performed to ascertain the reliability of the present method. The apparatus is also able to measure the anelasticity (mechanical relaxation) of solids, but is not adaptable to the measurement of the shear modulus of specimens; because the instantaneous displacement of the movable plate at the moment of the loading is mostly due to the rotational and inhomogeneous elastic deformations of the specimen.
Published Version
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