Abstract
This study aimed to establish a 3-dimensional dynamic quantitative facial motion analysis system, and then determine its accuracy and test-retest reliability. The system could automatically reconstruct the motion of the observational points. Standardized T-shaped rod and L-shaped rods were used to evaluate the static and dynamic accuracy of the system. Nineteen healthy volunteers were recruited to test the reliability of the system. The average static distance error measurement was 0.19 mm, and the average angular error was 0.29°. The measuring results decreased with the increase of distance between the cameras and objects, 80 cm of which was considered to be optimal. It took only 58 seconds to perform the full facial measurement process. The average intra-class correlation coefficient for distance measurement and angular measurement was 0.973 and 0.794 respectively. The results demonstrated that we successfully established a practical 3-dimensional dynamic quantitative analysis system that is accurate and reliable enough to meet both clinical and research needs.
Highlights
Facial motion is basic to emotion expression, and impairment to the facial nerves deeply influences physical and emotional wellbeing
Two-dimensional analysis systems are much more reliable and objective than subjective grading systems they only reflect the projection of motion on a plane [7]
The results demonstrated that 3-dimensional analysis systems were much more accurate than 2-dimensional systems, especially in estimating the lower facial area (2-dimensional system underestimated by 43%)
Summary
Facial motion is basic to emotion expression, and impairment to the facial nerves deeply influences physical and emotional wellbeing. The lack of an accurate and objective grading system hinders the development of diagnosis of and research into facial palsy. Facial grading systems can be generally divided into subjective and objective systems [4]. The most widely known and applied facial grading system, the House-Brackmann Grading System, is a typical subjective grading system. It was recommended as the gold standard by the Facial Nerve Committee of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery [5]. Two-dimensional analysis systems are much more reliable and objective than subjective grading systems they only reflect the projection of motion on a plane [7]. The results demonstrated that 3-dimensional analysis systems were much more accurate than 2-dimensional systems, especially in estimating the lower facial area (2-dimensional system underestimated by 43%)
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