A Nanofiber Mat With Dual Bioactive Components and a Biomimetic Matrix Structure for Improving Osteogenesis Effect.

Yadi Han,Xiuhui Wang,Tonghe Zhu,Juan Du,Sihao Chen,Xiaofeng Shen

doi:10.3389/fchem.2021.740191

Abstract

The challenge of effectively regenerating bone tissue through tissue engineering technology is that most tissue engineering scaffolds cannot imitate the three-dimensional structure and function of the natural extracellular matrix. Herein, we have prepared the poly(L-lactic acid)–based dual bioactive component reinforced nanofiber mats which were named as poly(L-lactic acid)/bovine serum albumin/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/BSA/nHAp) with dual bioactive components by combining homogeneous blending and electrospinning technology. The results showed that these nanofiber mats had sufficient mechanical properties and a porous structure suitable for cell growth and migration. Furthermore, the results of cell experiments in vitro showed that PLLA/BSA/nHAp composite nanofiber mat could preferably stimulate the proliferation of mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3 cells) compared with pure PLLA nanofiber mats. Based on these results, the scaffolds developed in this study are considered to have a great potential to be adhibited as bone repair materials.

Highlights

Bone defects, accounting for about 50% of surgical operations, caused by various reasons are very prevalent in clinical surgery (Saravanan et al, 2019; Yuan et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2021)
A simple and effective strategy to regulate the preparation and construction of functional bone regeneration induced nanofibers mats with dual bioactive components via homogeneous blends combined with the electrospinning technology is proposed
The results indicated that MC3T3 cells cultured on the surfaces of Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and PLLA/bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanofiber mats presented a similar polygonal shape, while on the surfaces of the PLLA/BSA/nHAp nanofiber mat spread more homogeneously and presented cell-specific pseudopods, suggesting that the addition of nHAp uniformly dispersed in the PLLA/BSA nanofibrous matrix promoted the cell proliferation on nanofiber mat

Summary

Introduction

Bone defects, accounting for about 50% of surgical operations, caused by various reasons are very prevalent in clinical surgery (Saravanan et al, 2019; Yuan et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2021). Autograft remains the gold standard for bone repair (Damien and Parsons, 2010; Zimmermann and Moghaddam, 2011). It has two fatal flaws limited in clinical practice, namely, significant donor site morbidity and poor capability for machining to accommodate irregular defects. With the intersection of orthopedic surgery and tissue engineering development, bone substitutes such as ceramics and bone cement have been universally used in clinical practice These materials or scaffolds are usually a three-dimensional structure mismatched with host cells, which may inhibit cell growth, vascularization, and bone regeneration (Jakus et al, 2016; Zhu et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2019b). It is necessary to develop bone tissue engineering scaffolds that

Methods

Results

Conclusion