A N-terminally deleted form of the CK2α’ catalytic subunit is sufficient to support cell viability

Abstract

Viable clones of C2C12 myoblasts where both catalytic subunits of protein kinase CK2 had been knocked out by the CRISPR/Cas9 methodology have recently been generated, thus challenging the concept that CK2 is essential for cell viability. Here we present evidence that these cells are still endowed with a residual “CK2-like” activity that is able to phosphorylate Ser-13 of endogenous CDC37. Searching for a molecular entity accounting for such an activity we have identified a band running slightly ahead of CK2α′ on SDS-PAGE. This band is not detectable by in-gel casein kinase assay but it co-immuno-precipitates with the β-subunit being downregulated by specific CK2α′ targeting siRNA treatment. Its size and biochemical properties are consistent with those of CK2α′ mutants deleted upstream of Glu-15 generated during the knockout process. This mutant sheds light on the role of the CK2 N-terminal segment as a regulator of activity and stability. Comparable cytotoxic efficacy of two selective and structurally unrelated CK2 inhibitors support the view that survival of CK2α/α’−/− cells relies on this deleted form of CK2α′, whose discovery provides novel perspectives about the biological role of CK2.