A multiple case study of the effect of physical activity before and after COVID 19 on pulse wave velocity in blind people living independently

Abstract

Background and Aims : COVID19 has been prevalent since 2020. The effect of health education on pulse wave velocity(PWV) in blind people who have been living independently for more than 5 years using a case study. To determine the effect of physical activity on PWV before and after COVID19 in blind people.Methods: The subjects were Five people who were not infected with COVID19 after 5 years of health education in a population of blind people living in a suburban area of Japan. The study design was a case study, a 3-year cohort at two consecutive time points. Anthropometric measurements, PWV measurements (PR203-2), and interviews about lifestyle in November 2021. Descriptive statistics, Characteristic behaviors are described.Results: The mean(SD) age was 68(11) years (SD). Height ,163(5.1) cm, weight, 64.6(8.1) kg, BMI 24(2), body fat, 33.7(3.8)%, muscle mass percentage 23.3(3.8)%. change from November 2018 was +4 years, +0(1.6 )cm, +0.4(2.3)kg, +0.4(3.3 ), +0.4(3.3)%, and +0.6(1.6)%, respectively. Left BaPWV was 1486 (102) cm/sec, right was 1476 (91) cm/sec, left ABI was 1.11 (0.11), right ABI was 1.12 (0.15), and the changes from November 2018 were -28.6 (148) cm/sec, 16 (198) cm/sec, -0.05 (0. 07) and -0.06 (0.1), respectively. As a characteristic behavior, all but one of the patients who lost the opportunity to walk outdoors due to the COVID19 epidemic reported doing 20 minutes of low-intensity squatting exercise daily.Conclusions: 80% reported doing light indoor exercise even though they lost the opportunity to walk outdoors due to the COVID19 epidemic, and maintained good pulse wave velocity over spontaneous exacerbations. Background and Aims : COVID19 has been prevalent since 2020. The effect of health education on pulse wave velocity(PWV) in blind people who have been living independently for more than 5 years using a case study. To determine the effect of physical activity on PWV before and after COVID19 in blind people. Methods: The subjects were Five people who were not infected with COVID19 after 5 years of health education in a population of blind people living in a suburban area of Japan. The study design was a case study, a 3-year cohort at two consecutive time points. Anthropometric measurements, PWV measurements (PR203-2), and interviews about lifestyle in November 2021. Descriptive statistics, Characteristic behaviors are described. Results: The mean(SD) age was 68(11) years (SD). Height ,163(5.1) cm, weight, 64.6(8.1) kg, BMI 24(2), body fat, 33.7(3.8)%, muscle mass percentage 23.3(3.8)%. change from November 2018 was +4 years, +0(1.6 )cm, +0.4(2.3)kg, +0.4(3.3 ), +0.4(3.3)%, and +0.6(1.6)%, respectively. Left BaPWV was 1486 (102) cm/sec, right was 1476 (91) cm/sec, left ABI was 1.11 (0.11), right ABI was 1.12 (0.15), and the changes from November 2018 were -28.6 (148) cm/sec, 16 (198) cm/sec, -0.05 (0. 07) and -0.06 (0.1), respectively. As a characteristic behavior, all but one of the patients who lost the opportunity to walk outdoors due to the COVID19 epidemic reported doing 20 minutes of low-intensity squatting exercise daily. Conclusions: 80% reported doing light indoor exercise even though they lost the opportunity to walk outdoors due to the COVID19 epidemic, and maintained good pulse wave velocity over spontaneous exacerbations.