Abstract
For monitoring burst events in a kind of reactive wireless sensor networks (WSNs), a multipath routing protocol (MRP) based on dynamic clustering and ant colony optimization (ACO) is proposed. Such an approach can maximize the network lifetime and reduce the energy consumption. An important attribute of WSNs is their limited power supply, and therefore some metrics (such as energy consumption of communication among nodes, residual energy, path length) were considered as very important criteria while designing routing in the MRP. Firstly, a cluster head (CH) is selected among nodes located in the event area according to some parameters, such as residual energy. Secondly, an improved ACO algorithm is applied in the search for multiple paths between the CH and sink node. Finally, the CH dynamically chooses a route to transmit data with a probability that depends on many path metrics, such as energy consumption. The simulation results show that MRP can prolong the network lifetime, as well as balance of energy consumption among nodes and reduce the average energy consumption effectively.
Highlights
The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) technology have been widely applied in military, industry, agriculture and many other areas [1,2]
The PACO improves the efficiency of data transmission, the number of ants required to search for routing is great, resulting in great energy consumption at the start-up stage
To overcome the disadvantages of conventional ant-based routing algorithms, we propose an improved protocol by integrating the advantages of hierarchical routing, multipath routing and ant colony optimization (ACO)
Summary
The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) technology have been widely applied in military, industry, agriculture and many other areas [1,2]. Recent research on WSNs routing protocols has proven that clustering and multipath are needed to improve energy efficiency and load balancing. When designing multipath routing algorithms, many parameters (e.g., path length and energy consumption of communication) need be considered. Few of the existing works have considered the integration of clustering, multipath and ACO to maximize the network lifetime and achieve load balancing in WSNs. Motivated by the advantages of clustering, multipath and ACO, this paper proposes a multipath routing protocol (MRP). Based on dynamic clustering and ACO for reactive WSNs. The main objective of our work is to maximize network lifetime and at the same time achieve load balancing. (2) An extended ACO algorithm based on many metrics (such as residual energy, path length, energy consumption of communication) is applied to search for the multiple paths between the cluster head (CH) and sink node.
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