Abstract
The wide area measurement system (WAMS) based on synchronous phasor measurement technology plays an increasingly important role in dynamic monitoring and wide area protection of modern power systems. If the phasor measurement unit (PMU) is placed on all buses of the power system, the voltage and branch current of all buses can be directly observed. However, due to the high placement cost of PMU and its ability to measure the voltage phasor of the installed bus and the current of the associated branch, it is unrealistic and unnecessary to install PMU on all buses of the system. This paper discusses the incomplete observability under single PMU loss (N-1) contingencies and its effect on PMUs placement. An improved two-archive algorithm is proposed to solve the five-objective placement optimization model. In addition, a fuzzy decision-making method combining subjective and objective is proposed to help power grid enterprises select the most appropriate solution. The proposed method is tested on several IEEE bus systems and Polish 2383-bus system, and the test results verify its effectiveness.
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