A Multi-Dimensional Equilibrium Allocation Model of Water Resources Based on a Groundwater Multiple Loop Iteration Technique

Ting Wang,Xinmin Xie,Guohua Fang,Zhenzhen Ma,Yu Liu

doi:10.3390/w9090718

Abstract

In this paper, a multi-dimensional equilibrium allocation model of water resources was developed based on the groundwater multiple loop iteration technique. The proposed model is an integrated framework of three modules respectively corresponding to the input layer, operation layer, and feedback layer in the allocation process. Firstly, a prediction model integrating the genetic algorithm-back propagation (GA-BP) model, the general regression neural network (GRNN) model, and the support vector machine (SVM) model was built to predict the future reservoir runoff, and the results were entered into the database of an optimal allocation model. Furthermore, taking exploitable groundwater as the feedback factor, the water resource optimal allocation model was continuously optimized. Also, the groundwater multiple loop iteration technique was applied to the feedback process. The proposed model was successfully applied to a typical region in Jinan, Eastern China. The uncertainties of future reservoir runoff and exploitable groundwater were taken into account. The results revealed that groundwater represented 36.6% of water supply in the base year, indicating that it is the main water source in Jinan. However, the amount of groundwater mining was decreased after considering the exploitable groundwater. The developed framework provides a comprehensive approach towards optimal future allocation of water resources, especially for the regions with overexploited groundwater.

Highlights

In the 21th century, due to an explosive growth of population and unreasonable utilization of water resources, as well as serious water pollution and a deteriorating ecological environment, water shortage is increasingly replacing the oil crisis as a severe worldwide problem
A multi-dimensional equilibrium allocation model of water resources based on the groundwater multiple-loop iteration technique was developed for short-term and long-term water resource allocation management
The proposed method is developed as an integrated framework based on an integrated prediction model for reservoir runoff, a water resource optimal allocation model, and a groundwater equilibrium model

Summary

Introduction

In the 21th century, due to an explosive growth of population and unreasonable utilization of water resources, as well as serious water pollution and a deteriorating ecological environment, water shortage is increasingly replacing the oil crisis as a severe worldwide problem. Water resource allocation is one of the most effective methods for addressing this issue, and it can provide a relatively harmonious environment with respect to water resource, social and economic, and eco-environmental systems. Due to computer technology and systematic analysis methods, more in-depth research on water resource allocation is being performed. Most of researchers put focus on the modification of the allocation model and its optimization algorithm [1,2]. Dong et al [3] developed a two-stage regional multi-water source allocation model to determine the characteristics of water supply sources, which consist of surface water, groundwater, and transit water. Zeng et al [4] introduced

Methods

Results

Conclusion