Abstract
A shared aperture 2-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna design for 5G standards is presented in this study, one which uses the same radiating structure to cover both the sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave (millimeter-wave) bands. The proposed antenna comprises four concentric pentagonal slots that are uniformly separated from one another. For the sub-6GHz band, the antenna is excited by a single open-end microstrip transmission-line, while a 1 × 8 power divider (PD) connected via a T-junction structure excites the millimeter-wave band. Both the sub-6GHz and mm-wave antennas operate in a MIMO configuration. The proposed antenna design was fabricated on a 120 × 60 mm2 substrate with an edge-to-edge distance of 49 mm. The proposed sub-6GHz antenna covers the following frequency bands: 4–4.5 GHz, 3.1–3.8 GHz, 2.48–2.9 GHz, 1.82–2.14 GHz, and 1.4–1.58 GHz, while the millimeter-wave antenna operates at 28 GHz with at least 500 MHz of bandwidth. A complete antenna analysis is provided via a step-by-step design procedure, an equivalent circuit diagram showing the operation of the shared aperture antenna, and current density analysis at both millimeter-wave and sub-6GHz bands. The proposed antenna design is also characterized in terms of MIMO performance metrics with a good MIMO operation with maximum envelop correlation coefficient value of 0.113. The maximum measured gain and efficiency values obtained were 91% and 8.5 dBi over the entire band of operation. The antenna is backward compatible with 4G bands and also encompasses the sub-6GHz and 28 GHz bands for future 5G wireless communcation systems.
Highlights
This paper proposes a novel 2-element MIMO antenna design to be used for 5Genabled access point devices, in which the same elements operate in the sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave bands, with different feeding structures
This study provides a unique concept for 5G access point applications based on a shared-aperture sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave concentric pentagonal slots-based antenna design
Both the sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave bands were tested with the optimized antenna design
Summary
The antennas designed for 5G applications covering the millimeter-wave band are mainly focused on having an array with high gain and highly directive beams Many of these designs are antenna arrays in which multiple radiating elements are used together to achieve the desired radiation characteristics. The antenna beam can be switched based on the feeding method and provides the beam in two directions with a gain of 12 dBi. A modified patch antenna with E-shape is presented for 5G millimeter-wave communication in [14] and operates in the 38 GHz band of 5G. This paper proposes a novel 2-element MIMO antenna design to be used for 5Genabled access point devices, in which the same elements operate in the sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave bands, with different feeding structures.
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