Abstract
This paper presents a method for measuring aircraft landing gear angles based on a monocular camera and the CAD aircraft model. Condition monitoring of the aircraft landing gear is a prerequisite for the safe landing of the aircraft. Traditional manual observation has an intense subjectivity. In recent years, target detection models dependent on deep learning and pose estimation methods relying on a single RGB image have made significant progress. Based on these advanced algorithms, this paper proposes a method for measuring the actual angles of landing gears in two-dimensional images. A single RGB image of an aircraft is inputted to the target detection module to obtain the key points of landing gears. The vector field network votes the key points of the fuselage after extraction and scale normalization of the pixels inside the aircraft prediction box. Knowing the pixel position of the key points and the constraints on the aircraft, the angle between the landing gear and fuselage plane can be calculated even without depth information. The vector field loss function is improved based on the distance between pixels and key points, and synthetic datasets of aircraft with different angle landing gears are created to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that the mean error of the proposed algorithm for the landing gears is less than 5 degrees on the light-varying dataset.
Highlights
The landing gear status monitoring of the aircraft aims to simultaneously detect the aircraft target to obtain landing gear angle information, which is necessary for the safe landing of the aircraft
This paper proposes a method to measure the landing gear angle of aircraft based on a monocular camera and a 3D model of aircraft without depth information
This paper proposes a multi-step CNN-based estimation of the angles between the landing gear and the fuselage plane on the monocular camera
Summary
The landing gear status monitoring of the aircraft aims to simultaneously detect the aircraft target to obtain landing gear angle information, which is necessary for the safe landing of the aircraft. There are special inspection requirements for aircraft landing gear status monitoring. Given an image of an aircraft, the purpose of detection is to calculate the angle between the landing gears and the fuselage plain. When the measured angle is 90 degrees, the landing gears are fully down, and the plane is deemed safe to land. This goal can be divided into two aspects: to determine whether the aircraft has landing gear, and the other is to measure the actual angle between the landing gear and the fuselage plane
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