Abstract
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plants provide a cleaner and more efficient way to obtain energy from coal. In order to operate an IGCC power plant in a safe and stable manner, several input and output process parameters need to be monitored. However, due to economic and operational constraints, it is infeasible to place sensors at every input and output process parameter location. Hence, it becomes important to select the most effective sensor locations which lead to maximum information gain about the plant conditions. Practical issues present in an IGCC power plant, such as harsh physical conditions and variability in process parameters, make the optimal sensor location problem an especially complicated one. Further, sensors can have multiple objectives and they can produce uncertainties due to measurement errors. This work considers hybrid hardware and virtual sensing for advanced power systems with multiple objectives. In order to solve this real world large scale problem, we use a novel algorithm called Better Optimization of Nonlinear Uncertain Systems (BONUS). BONUS works in probability distribution space and avoids sampling for each optimization and derivative calculations iterations. A new algorithm for multi-objective optimization is also developed specifically for problem. The result of this nonlinear stochastic multi-objective problem is the non-dominated, or Pareto set, which provides trade-offs between various objectives like observability, cost, and thermal efficiency. This is the first attempt at solving the problem of optimal sensor deployment in advanced power plants, with consideration of hybrid hardware and virtual sensing and incorporation of uncertainty with multiple objectives.
Highlights
In an IGCG plant, it is crucial to have effective monitoring and control of various operational parameters for safe and profitable operation
We considered Fisher information (FI) as the main objective function and solved the following single objective problem by changing the bounds εεk of efficiency and Bj of cost
It seems that 6 higher levels of FI and efficiency are achievable when all three types of sensors are used in conjunction as expected
Summary
In an IGCG plant, it is crucial to have effective monitoring and control of various operational parameters for safe and profitable operation. Sensors play an essential role in process monitoring and control because they quantify parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, and composition. A variety of available sensors range in cost, accuracy, 45 and suitability for the operating conditions encountered in an IGCC plant. Certain regions in an IGCC plant operate under harsh environments, which may cause the sensors assigned to such locations to fail. They can damage process equipment, and give rise to a number of issues related to plant operation. Sensor failures can be avoided by placing the sensors in a safer location that is not directly
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