Abstract
Abstract. Multi-hazard risk assessment of building portfolios is of primary importance in natural-hazard-prone regions, particularly for the prioritisation of disaster risk reduction and resilience-enhancing strategies. In this context, cultural heritage assets require special consideration because of their high vulnerability to natural hazards – due to ageing and types of construction – and their strong links with communities from both an economic and a historical–sociocultural perspective. This paper introduces a multi-hazard risk prioritisation framework specifically developed for cultural heritage assets. The proposed framework relies on a multilevel rapid-visual-survey (RVS) form for the multi-hazard exposure data collection and risk prioritisation of case-study assets. Because of the multilevel architecture of the proposed RVS form, based on three levels of refinement and information, an increasing degree of accuracy can be achieved in the estimation of structural vulnerability and, ultimately, structural risk of the considered assets. At the lowest level of refinement, the collected data are used for the computation of seismic-risk and wind-risk prioritisation indices, specifically calibrated in this study for cultural heritage assets with various structural and non-structural features. The resulting indices are then combined into a unique multi-hazard risk prioritisation index in which the intangible value of cultural heritage assets is also considered. This is achieved by defining a score expressing the cultural significance of the asset. The analytic hierarchy process is extensively used throughout the study to reduce the subjectivity involved in the framework, thus obtaining a simplified yet robust approach which can be adapted to different building typologies. The proposed framework is applied to 25 heritage buildings in Iloilo City, Philippines, for which innovative, non-invasive techniques and tools for improved surveying have also been tested. Thermal and omnidirectional cameras have helped in the collection of structural data, together with drones for the inspection of roofs. Results of the study are presented and critically discussed, highlighting advantages and drawbacks of the use of new technologies in this field.
Highlights
Introduction and motivationsProbabilistic risk assessment of building portfolios in natural-hazard-prone regions is of paramount importance to defining prioritisation schemes for the design, implementation and optimisation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and resilience-enhancing strategies
The feeling of place and belonging of citizens and the sense of collective purpose are strongly linked to cultural heritage (CH) assets; their damage and partial or total collapse can have a huge impact on social cohesion, sustainable development and psychological wellbeing
The proposed RVS form has been designed in order to account for the specific features of Filipino CH assets, which mainly consist of reinforced concrete (RC) frames and masonry or mixed structures
Summary
Probabilistic risk assessment of building portfolios in natural-hazard-prone regions is of paramount importance to defining prioritisation schemes for the design, implementation and optimisation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and resilience-enhancing strategies. The feeling of place and belonging of citizens and the sense of collective purpose are strongly linked to CH assets; their damage and partial or total collapse can have a huge impact on social cohesion, sustainable development and psychological wellbeing These aspects provide CH assets with an intangible value, which must be somehow considered in the risk assessment at both a portfolio and a building-specific level. Moratti et al, 2019), represent essential tools to prioritise further detailed analyses and any DRR and/or resilience-enhancing intervention Such simplified methods should allow an analyst to account for the intangible value of CH assets and to consider their specific construction features by just using a small amount of information – to be typically collected in highly complex urban settings, such as in developing countries. Non-invasive techniques and tools for CH-asset survey and diagnostics as well as different retrofitting approaches for Filipino CH assets, which meet conservation and adaptive reuse criteria
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