Abstract
In diagnostic radiology Monte Carlo methods have gained increasing application. With a direct simulation only averages over a finite area or volume can be estimated. Here a collision density estimator is used for calculation of physical parameters at points outside a scattering medium. This estimator has been used to investigate the air gap technique in diagnostic radiology. Quantities of scattered photons behind a water slab and their dependence on water slab thickness, field area, air gap length and detector used are derived for points on the central axis as well as for points at a distance from this axis (radial distributions). It is shown that field area, water slab thickness and the detector used, influence the effectiveness of the air gap. It is also shown that the contrast in the x-ray image will increase towards the edges due to decreasing scattered radiation.
Published Version
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