Abstract
The molecular status of nine species of the genus Alburnoides from different river drainages in Iran and additionally by seven species from Europe was assessed. mtDNA COI gene sequences from freshly collected specimens and available NCBI data revealed four major phylogenetic lineages. Based on the results, a distinct taxon from the Cheshmeh Ali (Ali Spring), a Damghan River tributary in the endorheic Dasht-e Kavir basin, northern Iran, which is the closest sister to Alburnoides namaki (Namak Lake basin) + Alburnoides coadi (Nam River in the endorheic Dasht-e Kavir basin) is considered as a new species, Alburnoides damghani sp. n. It is distinguished from other Alburnoides species in Iran by a combination of character states including: a weakly-developed, variably-scaled, ventral keel from completely scaleless to completely scaled, a short snout with the tip of the mouth cleft on a level with the lower margin of the pupil or slightly lower, a small eye (eye horizontal diameter slightly to markedly less than interorbital width), commonly 8½ branched dorsal-fin rays, commonly 11−12½ branched anal-fin rays, 40−46(47) total lateral-line scales, 2.5–4.2 or 2.5–4.1 pharyngeal teeth, gill rakers short and widely spaced, 6−8 in total, 39−41 (commonly 40), total vertebrae, (19)20(21) abdominal vertebrae, 19−21 (most commonly 20) caudal vertebrae, abdominal vertebral region most commonly equal to or longer than caudal region, and most common vertebral formulae 20+20 and 21+19.
Highlights
IntroductionThe genus Alburnoides, a member of the family Cyprinidae, is found in Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia with 28 species so far considered valid (Bogutskaya and Coad 2009, Coad and Bogutskaya 2009, 2012, Turan et al 2014, Mousavi-Sabet et al 2015a, b, Coad 2015)
Two methods produced trees with 4 major lineages supported by high posterior probability and bootstrap values and seven groups (Fig. 2): I) A. strymonicus − A. thessalicus lineage, II) A. bipunctatus − A. ohridanus − A. prespensis group lineage, III) Alburnoides sp. lineage (Greece: Sperchios drainage) and IV) Iranian Alburnoides lineage (Alburnoides eichwaldii lineage)
Within the IV line, A. damghani sp. n. is a sister to A. namaki + A. coadi and the clade containing the three species is a sister to A. tabarestanensis + A. samiii (Fig. 2)
Summary
The genus Alburnoides, a member of the family Cyprinidae, is found in Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia with 28 species so far considered valid (Bogutskaya and Coad 2009, Coad and Bogutskaya 2009, 2012, Turan et al 2014, Mousavi-Sabet et al 2015a, b, Coad 2015). A. eichwaldii (De Filippi, 1863) from the Kura River drainage was resurrected (Bogutskaya and Coad 2009) and six species described: A. namaki Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009 from a qanat at Taveh, Namak Lake basin, A. nicolausi Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009 from the Tigris River drainage, A. qanati Coad & Bogutskaya, 2009 from the Pulvar River drainage, Kor River basin, A. idignensis Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009 from the Bid Sorkh River, Gav Masiab River system, Tigris River drainage, A. petrubanarescui Coad & Bogutskaya, 2009 from the Qasemlou Chay, Orumiyeh (Urmia) Lake basin, and A. holciki Coad & Bogutskaya, 2012 from the Hari River It was shown (Coad and Bogutskaya 2009, 2012) that south-Caspian Alburnoides from 1) rivers west of the Safid River [Sefid Rud]; 2) the Safid River drainage; 3) rivers east of the Safid River excluding the Atrek [Atrak] drainage; 4) the Atrek River drainage; and 5) the Amu Darya River drainage represent undescribed species.
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