A Modified Moth Swarm Algorithm-Based Hybrid Fuzzy PD–PI Controller for Frequency Regulation of Distributed Power Generation System with Electric Vehicle

Abstract

This paper presents a modified moth swarm algorithm (mMSA) to solve the frequency control of distributed power generation system (DPGS). The DPGS contains renewables like wind, solar photovoltaic as well as storage devices like the battery and flywheel along with electric vehicles. At the first stage, the superiority of the proposed mMSA over moth swarm algorithm is compared by considering benchmark unimodal, multimodal and fixed-dimension test functions. The outcomes are also compared with some recently suggested optimization algorithms to validate the superiority of the suggested mMSA method. In the next step, the hybrid fuzzy PD–PI (hFPD–PI) controller is proposed for the frequency regulation of DPGS. To authenticate the feasibility of the proposed method, experimental validation employing hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation based on OPAL-RT has been carried out. Further, to study the effect of uncertainties in the parameters of the studied system, sensitivity analysis is performed. Finally, the proposed approach is compared with some newly proposed frequency regulation methods in a standard two-area test system. It is noticed that mMSA-based hFPD–PI controller provides better frequency regulation compared to some recent approaches.